DROUGHT-RESISTANT SOYBEAN VARIETIES FOR STEPPE AND FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
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Date
2021-04
Authors
Biliavska, L. H.
Biliavskiy, Yu. V.
Diyanova, A. O.
Mirny, M.
Білявська, Людмила Григорівна
Білявський, Юрій Вікторович
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Abstract
Description
The article presents the results of the study on the current state of soybean production. The best companies producing soybean seed in Ukraine have been identified. Scientific breeding and seed company “Soievyi Vik”, National Scientific Centre “Institute of Agriculture of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences”, Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute – National Centre for Seed and Cultivar Investigation of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, and Poltava State Agrarian University have a high rating among the national scientific breeding institutions. Indicators of soybean yield in all regions of Ukraine are given. In connection with global climate change, it is necessary to test varieties of different ecological and geographical origin in production conditions, to determine their traits, economic and valuable features that characterize compliance with specific climatic zones of Ukraine. It has been established that climatic characteristics of Poltava region, which is located in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, have become more arid according to the analysis of long-term meteorological observations. The dynamics of indicators of soybean gross harvest in Poltava region for the period of 2002–2020 has been analyzed taking into account precipitation during the growing season. In the modern conditions of market transformations and innovation processes in the agro-industrial complex, the problems with further strategy of development and advancement of effectiveness of the national system of soybean production in Ukraine has remained unsolved. The number of certified farms for production of soybean seed in Ukraine is decreasing. The following soybean varieties Almaz, Antratsyt, Adamos, Aleksandryt, Akvamaryn and Avantiuryn have been created in the research laboratory “Breeding, seed production and varietal agrotechnology of soybean” at Poltava State Agrarian University. These varieties are included in the State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Dissemination in Ukraine. Indicators of agricultural suitability of these varieties and their advantages are provided. Varieties of Poltava selection are drought-resistant, resistant to diseases and pests, do not lodge and beans do not crack when seeds mature. The peculiarity of the varieties is the rapid moisture return at the time of seed maturation, high protein and oil content. These varieties are guaranteed preceding crops for winter crops in the Steppe and Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. According to the results of production trial in the conditions of farm “Hryha” in Poltava district of Poltava region, it has been established that varieties of PSAU compete well with new varieties of foreign selection.
Keywords
selection, varieties, seed growing, yield, sown areas, gross harvest, seed production